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authorLeo Tenenbaum <pommicket@gmail.com>2018-08-20 21:12:06 -0400
committerLeo Tenenbaum <pommicket@gmail.com>2018-08-20 21:12:06 -0400
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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
-<html>
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
-<title>Background</title>
-<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1">
-<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="GObject Reference Manual">
-<link rel="up" href="pt01.html" title="Part I. Concepts">
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-<div class="chapter">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
-<a name="chapter-intro"></a>Background</h2></div></div></div>
-<div class="toc"><dl>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="chapter-intro.html#idp6598384">Data types and programming</a></span></dt>
-<dt><span class="sect1"><a href="ch01s02.html">Exporting a C API</a></span></dt>
-</dl></div>
-<p>
- GObject, and its lower-level type system, GType, are used by GTK+ and most GNOME libraries to
- provide:
- </p>
-<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
-<li class="listitem"><p>object-oriented C-based APIs and</p></li>
-<li class="listitem"><p>automatic transparent API bindings to other compiled
- or interpreted languages.</p></li>
-</ul></div>
-<p>
- </p>
-<p>
- A lot of programmers are used to working with compiled-only or dynamically interpreted-only
- languages and do not understand the challenges associated with cross-language interoperability.
- This introduction tries to provide an insight into these challenges and briefly describes
- the solution chosen by GLib.
- </p>
-<p>
- The following chapters go into greater detail into how GType and GObject work and
- how you can use them as a C programmer. It is useful to keep in mind that
- allowing access to C objects from other interpreted languages was one of the major design
- goals: this can often explain the sometimes rather convoluted APIs and features present
- in this library.
- </p>
-<div class="sect1">
-<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
-<a name="idp6598384"></a>Data types and programming</h2></div></div></div>
-<p>
- One could say (I have seen such definitions used in some textbooks on programming language theory)
- that a programming language is merely a way to create data types and manipulate them. Most languages
- provide a number of language-native types and a few primitives to create more complex types based
- on these primitive types.
- </p>
-<p>
- In C, the language provides types such as <span class="emphasis"><em>char</em></span>, <span class="emphasis"><em>long</em></span>,
- <span class="emphasis"><em>pointer</em></span>. During compilation of C code, the compiler maps these
- language types to the compiler's target architecture machine types. If you are using a C interpreter
- (I have never seen one myself but it is possible :), the interpreter (the program which interprets
- the source code and executes it) maps the language types to the machine types of the target machine at
- runtime, during the program execution (or just before execution if it uses a Just In Time compiler engine).
- </p>
-<p>
- Perl and Python are interpreted languages which do not really provide type definitions similar
- to those used by C. Perl and Python programmers manipulate variables and the type of the variables
- is decided only upon the first assignment or upon the first use which forces a type on the variable.
- The interpreter also often provides a lot of automatic conversions from one type to the other. For example,
- in Perl, a variable which holds an integer can be automatically converted to a string given the
- required context:
-</p>
-<pre class="programlisting">
-my $tmp = 10;
-print "this is an integer converted to a string:" . $tmp . "\n";
-</pre>
-<p>
- Of course, it is also often possible to explicitly specify conversions when the default conversions provided
- by the language are not intuitive.
- </p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="footer">
-<hr>
- Generated by GTK-Doc V1.18</div>
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